<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>js下拉栏</title>
<style>
*{
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
li{
list-style: none;
text-align: center;
}
.box>ul{
width: 120px;
background-color: gray;
}
.box>li {
width: 120px;
display: inline-block;
background-color: aqua;
position: relative;
}
.box>li>ul{
width: 120px;
position: absolute;
display: none;
background-color: pink;
}
.box>li>ul>li:hover{
background-color: deeppink;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<ul class="box">
<li>asdf
<ul>
<li>1</li>
<li>2</li>
<li>3</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>asdf
<ul>
<li>4</li>
<li>5</li>
<li>6</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>asdf
<ul>
<li>7</li>
<li>8</li>
<li>9</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</body>
</html>
<script>
let $=element=> document.getElementsByClassName(element.substring(1, element.length));
var lis=$(".box")[0].children;
for (let i=0; i < lis.length; i++) {
lis[i].onmouseover=function () {
this.getElementsByTagName('ul')[0].style.display='block';
}
lis[i].onmouseout=function () {
this.getElementsByTagName('ul')[0].style.display='none';
}
}
</script>
现效果
代码:
拉菜单的属性
length 表示选项<option>的个数
selected 布尔值,表示选项<option>是否被选中
SelectedIndex 被选中的选项序号,如果没有被选中则为-1,对于多选下拉菜单而言,返回被选中的第一个选项序号。从0开始计数
text 选项的文本(它是option专有的属性)
value 选项的value值
type 下拉菜单的类型。单选返回select-one,多选返回select-multiple
options 获取选项的数组,列如oSelectBox.options[2]表示下拉菜单oSelectBox中的第3项
访问选中项
下拉菜单(单选):
<html>
<head>
<title>下拉菜单,单选</title>
<style>
<!--
form{
padding:0px; margin:0px;
font:14px Arial;
}
-->
</style>
<script language="javascript">
function checkSingle(){
var oForm=document.forms["myForm1"];
var oSelectBox=oForm.constellation;
var iChoice=oSelectBox.selectedIndex; //获取选中项
alert("您选中了" + oSelectBox.options[iChoice].text); //下拉菜单,单选
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<form method="post" name="myForm1">
<label for="constellation">星座:</label>
<p>
<select id="constellation" name="constellation">
<option value="Aries" selected="selected">白羊</option>
<option value="Taurus">金牛</option>
<option value="Gemini">双子</option>
<option value="Cancer">巨蟹</option>
<option value="Leo">狮子</option>
<option value="Virgo">处女</option>
<option value="Libra">天秤</option>
<option value="Scorpio">天蝎</option>
<option value="Sagittarius">射手</option>
<option value="Capricorn">摩羯</option>
<option value="Aquarius">水瓶</option>
<option value="Pisces">双鱼</option>
</select>
</p>
<input type="button" onclick="checkSingle()" value="查看选项" />
</form>
</body>
</html>
下拉菜单(多选):
<html>
<head>
<title>下拉菜单,多选</title>
<style>
<!--
form{
padding:0px; margin:0px;
font:14px Arial;
}
p{
margin:0px; padding:2px;
}
-->
</style>
<script language="javascript">
function checkMultiple(){
var oForm=document.forms["myForm1"];
var oSelectBox=oForm.constellation;
var aChoices=new Array();
//遍历整个下拉菜单
for(var i=0;i<oSelectBox.options.length;i++)
if(oSelectBox.options[i].selected) //如果被选中
aChoices.push(oSelectBox.options[i].text); //压入到数组中,可以用于单选的情况;
alert("您选了:" + aChoices.join()); //输出结果
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<form method="post" name="myForm1">
<label for="constellation">星座:</label>
<p>
<select id="constellation" name="constellation" multiple="multiple" style="height:180px;">
<option value="Aries">白羊</option>
<option value="Taurus">金牛</option>
<option value="Gemini">双子</option>
<option value="Cancer">巨蟹</option>
<option value="Leo">狮子</option>
<option value="Virgo">处女</option>
<option value="Libra">天秤</option>
<option value="Scorpio">天蝎</option>
<option value="Sagittarius">射手</option>
<option value="Capricorn">摩羯</option>
<option value="Aquarius">水瓶</option>
<option value="Pisces">双鱼</option>
</select>
</p>
<input type="button" onclick="checkMultiple()" value="查看选项" />
</form>
</body>
</html>
通用的访问下拉菜单选中项的方法:
<script language="javascript">
function getSelectValue(Box){ //Box参数select标签的ID值
var oForm=document.forms["myForm1"];
var oSelectBox=oForm.elements[Box]; //根据参数相应的选择下拉菜单
if(oSelectBox.type=="select-one"){ //判断是单选还是多选
var iChoice=oSelectBox.selectedIndex; //获取选中项
alert("单选,您选中了" + oSelectBox.options[iChoice].text);
}else{
var aChoices=new Array();
//遍历整个下拉菜单
for(var i=0;i<oSelectBox.options.length;i++)
if(oSelectBox.options[i].selected) //如果被选中
aChoices.push(oSelectBox.options[i].text); //压入到数组中
alert("多选,您选了:" + aChoices.join()); //输出结果
}
}
</script>
函数使用方法:
<select id="constellation1" name="constellation1">
<option value="Aries" selected="selected">白羊</option>
<option value="Taurus">金牛</option>
<option value="Gemini">双子</option>
<option value="Cancer">巨蟹</option>
<option value="Leo">狮子</option>
<option value="Virgo">处女</option>
<option value="Libra">天秤</option>
<option value="Scorpio">天蝎</option>
<option value="Sagittarius">射手</option>
<option value="Capricorn">摩羯</option>
<option value="Aquarius">水瓶</option>
<option value="Pisces">双鱼</option>
</select>
<input type="button" onclick="getSelectValue('constellation1')" value="查看选项" />
添加、替换、删除选项
通过构造函数Option()直接添加value、text等信息,相当方便
var oOption=new Option(text,value,defaultSelected,selected)
defaultSelected为布尔型值:1(true)设置下拉式表单默认值,
selected为布尔值:1(true)表示被选中
最后两项默认值为0,如果不希望添加的选项被默认选中则可以忽略,添加选项时通常将<select>列表的第length项直接设置为新的选项,即在末尾增加。
添加选项:
<html>
<head>
<title>添加选项</title>
<style>
<!--
form{padding:0px; margin:0px; font:14px Arial;}
p{margin:0px; padding:3px;}
input{margin:0px; border:1px solid #000000;}
-->
</style>
<script language="javascript">
function AddOption(Box){ //添加选项,参数为<select>标签的ID值
var oForm=document.forms["myForm1"];
var oBox=oForm.elements[Box];
var oOption=new Option("乒乓球","Pingpang");
oBox.options[oBox.options.length]=oOption; //在菜单末尾添加选项
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<form method="post" name="myForm1">
球类:
<p>
<select id="ball" name="ball" multiple="multiple">
<option value="Football">足球</option>
<option value="Basketball">篮球</option>
<option value="Volleyball">排球</option>
</select>
</p>
<input type="button" value="添加乒乓球" onclick="AddOption('ball');" />
</form>
</body>
</html>
替换选项
如果下拉菜单中的序号为已经存在了的选项,添加时则会自动替换原有的选项
oBox.options[iNum]=oOption;//替换iNum个选项
<html>
<head>
<title>替换选项</title>
<style>
<!--
form{padding:0px; margin:0px; font:14px Arial;}
p{margin:0px; padding:3px;}
input{margin:0px; border:1px solid #000000;}
-->
</style>
<script language="javascript">
function ReplaceOption(Box,iNum){ //替换选项,参数Box为<select>的ID值,iNum为替换的选项序号;
var oForm=document.forms["myForm1"];
var oBox=oForm.elements[Box];
var oOption=new Option("乒乓球","Pingpang");
oBox.options[iNum]=oOption; //替换第iNum个选项
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<form method="post" name="myForm1">
球类:
<p>
<select id="ball" name="ball" multiple="multiple">
<option value="Football">足球</option>
<option value="Basketball">篮球</option>
<option value="Volleyball">排球</option>
</select>
</p>
<input type="button" value="篮球替换为乒乓球" onclick="ReplaceOption('ball',1);" />
</form>
</body>
</html>
添加选项到具体位置
<html>
<head>
<title>添加到具体位置</title>
<style>
<!--
form{padding:0px; margin:0px; font:14px Arial;}
p{margin:0px; padding:3px;}
input{margin:0px; border:1px solid #000000;}
-->
</style>
<script language="javascript">
function AddOption(Box,iNum){
var oForm=document.forms["myForm1"];
var oBox=oForm.elements[Box];
var oOption=new Option("乒乓球","Pingpang");
oBox.insertBefore(oOption,oBox.options[iNum]);
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<form method="post" name="myForm1">
球类:
<p>
<select id="ball" name="ball" multiple="multiple">
<option value="Football">足球</option>
<option value="Basketball">篮球</option>
<option value="Volleyball">排球</option>
</select>
</p>
<input type="button" value="添加乒乓球" onclick="AddOption('ball',1);" />
</form>
</body>
</html>
以上代码IE7中虽然在正确的位置插入了选项,但内容却没有显示出来(bug问题)
兼容性更好的代码,使用方法与以上相同;
<script language="javascript">
function AddOption(Box,iNum){
var oForm=document.forms["myForm1"];
var oBox=oForm.elements[Box];
var oOption=new Option("乒乓球","Pingpang");
//兼容IE7,先添加选项到最后,再移动
oBox.options[oBox.options.length]=oOption;
oBox.insertBefore(oOption,oBox.options[iNum]);
}
</script>
注意:IE9已经解决了bug问题
删除下拉菜单的选项:
删除下拉菜单中的某个选项时相对最简单的,只需要将这个选项设置为null即可
bBox.options[iNum]=null;
*请认真填写需求信息,我们会在24小时内与您取得联系。