录介绍
1.屏幕适配定义
2.相关重要的概念
2.1 屏幕尺寸[物理尺寸]
2.2 屏幕分辨率[px]
2.3 屏幕像素密度[dpi]
2.4 dp[dip]、dpi、sp、px
px = density * dp; density = dpi / 160; px = dp * (dpi / 160);
2.5 mdpi、hdpi、xdpi、xxdpi
名称像 素密度范围 ldpi 0dpi~120dpi mdpi 120dpi~160dpi hdpi 120dpi~160dpi xdpi 160dpi~240dpi xxdpi 240dpi~320dpi xxxdpi 480dpi~640dpi Android项目后应该可以看到很多drawable文件夹,分别对应不同的dpi drawable-ldpi (dpi=120, density=0.75) drawable-mdpi (dpi=160, density=1) drawable-hdpi (dpi=240, density=1.5) drawable-xhdpi (dpi=320, density=2) drawable-xxhdpi (dpi=480, density=3) 对于五种主流的像素密度(MDPI、HDPI、XHDPI、XXHDPI 和 XXXHDPI)应按照 2:3:4:6:8 的比例进行缩放。
屏幕密度 图标尺寸 mdpi 48X48px hdpi 72X72px xdpi 96X96px xxdpi 144X144px xxxdpi 192X192px
2.6 DisplayMetrics解析
//第一种 DisplayMetrics metrics = new DisplayMetrics(); Display display = activity.getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay(); display.getMetrics(metrics); //第二种 DisplayMetrics metrics= activity.getResources().getDisplayMetrics(); //第三种 Resources.getSystem().getDisplayMetrics();
3.Android屏幕适配出现的原因
3.1 什么是像素点
3.2 dp与百分比 (网页前端提供百分比,所以无需适配)
4.Android屏幕适配常见方法
4.1 适配常见方法
4.2 尺寸适配
ldip:120px = 160dp * 0.75 mdpi:160px = 160dp * 1 hdpi:240px = 160dp * 1.5 xhdpi:360px = 180dp * 2
1.在默认的values中的dimens文件下声明(类似于Strings.xml) <dimen name="activity_horizontal_margin">16dp</dimen> <dimen name="activity_vertical_margin">16dp</dimen> <dimen name="harlWidth">160dp</dimen> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <resources> <!-- values-hdpi 480X800 --> <dimen name="imagewidth">120dip</dimen> </resources> <resources> <!-- values-hdpi-1280x800 --> <dimen name="imagewidth">220dip</dimen> </resources> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <resources> <!-- values-hdpi 480X320 --> <dimen name="imagewidth">80dip</dimen> </resources> 2.在布局文件中引用 <TextView android:layout_width="@dimen/harlWidth" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:background="#0ff" android:text="@string/hello_world" /> 3.新建需要适配的values-XXX(比如values-1280x720,注意规范大值在前) 4.在新建values-1280x720中的dimens.xml文件中 * <dimen name="harlWidth">180dp</dimen> 5.所有手机适配找对应的默认的dimens * 思考:如何计算dpi?如何计算手机密度比?能够用dp适配所有手机吗? * dp不能适配所有手机; * 举个例子:按钮占屏幕宽度一半,把宽度设置成160dp,120px和160px和240px可以占屏幕一半,但是360px则小于屏幕一半; * 如果把宽度设置成180dp,那么360dp可以占屏幕一半,但其他几个又不行。 * 如果要适配所有手机的控件宽度为屏幕宽度的一半,该怎么做呢?用dimen
4.2 代码适配
4.3 布局适配,有可能在不同的手机布局中,控件排列的位置不一样
4.4 权重适配
4.5 图片适配
5.存在问题和困境
5.1 通配符适配困境
5.2 传统dp适配困境
6.常用适配框架
6.1 适配方案
//在xml中使用何种尺寸单位(dp、sp、pt、in、mm),最后在绘制时都会给我们转成px! public static float applyDimension(int unit, float value, DisplayMetrics metrics) { switch (unit) { case COMPLEX_UNIT_PX: return value; case COMPLEX_UNIT_DIP: return value * metrics.density; case COMPLEX_UNIT_SP: return value * metrics.scaledDensity; case COMPLEX_UNIT_PT: return value * metrics.xdpi * (1.0f/72); case COMPLEX_UNIT_IN: return value * metrics.xdpi; case COMPLEX_UNIT_MM: return value * metrics.xdpi * (1.0f/25.4f); } return 0; }
public static void setCustomDensity(Activity activity, Application application) { DisplayMetrics displayMetrics = application.getResources().getDisplayMetrics(); if (sNoncompatDensity == 0) { // 系统的Density sNoncompatDensity = displayMetrics.density; // 系统的ScaledDensity sNoncompatScaledDensity = displayMetrics.scaledDensity; // 监听在系统设置中切换字体 application.registerComponentCallbacks(new ComponentCallbacks() { @Override public void onConfigurationChanged(Configuration newConfig) { if (newConfig != null && newConfig.fontScale > 0) { sNoncompatScaledDensity=application.getResources().getDisplayMetrics().scaledDensity; } } @Override public void onLowMemory() { } }); } // 公司UI尺寸是750px-1334px,此处以375dp的设计图作为例子 float targetDensity=displayMetrics.widthPixels/375; float targetScaledDensity=targetDensity*(sNoncompatScaledDensity/sNoncompatDensity); int targetDensityDpi= (int) (160 * targetDensity); displayMetrics.density = targetDensity; displayMetrics.scaledDensity = targetScaledDensity; displayMetrics.densityDpi = targetDensityDpi; DisplayMetrics activityDisplayMetrics = activity.getResources().getDisplayMetrics(); activityDisplayMetrics.density = targetDensity; activityDisplayMetrics.scaledDensity = targetScaledDensity; activityDisplayMetrics.densityDpi = targetDensityDpi; }
public class ScreenDensityUtils { /* * 1.先在application中使用setup()方法初始化一下 * 2.手动在Activity中调用match()方法做适配,必须在setContentView()之前 * 3.建议使用dp做宽度适配,大多数时候宽度适配才是主流需要 * 4.个人觉得在写布局的时候,可以多用dp,如果是使用px,建议转化成dp * 5.入侵性很低,不需要改动原来的代码 */ /** * 屏幕适配的基准 */ private static final int MATCH_BASE_WIDTH = 0; private static final int MATCH_BASE_HEIGHT = 1; /** * 适配单位 */ private static final int MATCH_UNIT_DP = 0; private static final int MATCH_UNIT_PT = 1; // 适配信息 private static MatchInfo sMatchInfo; // Activity 的生命周期监测 private static Application.ActivityLifecycleCallbacks mActivityLifecycleCallback; private ScreenDensityUtils() { throw new UnsupportedOperationException("u can't instantiate me..."); } /** * 初始化 * @param application 需要在application中初始化 */ public static void setup(@NonNull final Application application) { /* //获取屏幕分辨率信息的三种方法 //第一种 DisplayMetrics metrics = new DisplayMetrics(); Display display = activity.getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay(); display.getMetrics(metrics); //第二种 DisplayMetrics metrics= activity.getResources().getDisplayMetrics(); //第三种 Resources.getSystem().getDisplayMetrics(); */ //注意这个是获取系统的displayMetrics final DisplayMetrics displayMetrics = application.getResources().getDisplayMetrics(); if (sMatchInfo == null) { // 记录系统的原始值 sMatchInfo = new MatchInfo(); sMatchInfo.setScreenWidth(displayMetrics.widthPixels); sMatchInfo.setScreenHeight(displayMetrics.heightPixels); sMatchInfo.setAppDensity(displayMetrics.density); sMatchInfo.setAppDensityDpi(displayMetrics.densityDpi); sMatchInfo.setAppScaledDensity(displayMetrics.scaledDensity); sMatchInfo.setAppXdpi(displayMetrics.xdpi); } // 添加字体变化的监听 // 调用 Application#registerComponentCallbacks 注册下 onConfigurationChanged 监听即可。 application.registerComponentCallbacks(new ComponentCallbacks() { @Override public void onConfigurationChanged(Configuration newConfig) { // 字体改变后,将 appScaledDensity 重新赋值 if (newConfig != null && newConfig.fontScale > 0) { float scaledDensity = displayMetrics.scaledDensity; sMatchInfo.setAppScaledDensity(scaledDensity); } } @Override public void onLowMemory() { } }); } /** * 在 application 中全局激活适配(也可单独使用 match() 方法在指定页面中配置适配) */ @RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.ICE_CREAM_SANDWICH) public static void register(@NonNull final Application application, final float designSize, final int matchBase, final int matchUnit) { if (mActivityLifecycleCallback == null) { mActivityLifecycleCallback = new Application.ActivityLifecycleCallbacks() { @Override public void onActivityCreated(Activity activity, Bundle savedInstanceState) { if (activity != null) { match(activity, designSize, matchBase, matchUnit); } } @Override public void onActivityStarted(Activity activity) { } @Override public void onActivityResumed(Activity activity) { } @Override public void onActivityPaused(Activity activity) { } @Override public void onActivityStopped(Activity activity) { } @Override public void onActivitySaveInstanceState(Activity activity, Bundle outState) { } @Override public void onActivityDestroyed(Activity activity) { } }; application.registerActivityLifecycleCallbacks(mActivityLifecycleCallback); } } /** * 全局取消所有的适配 */ @RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.ICE_CREAM_SANDWICH) public static void unregister(@NonNull final Application application, @NonNull int... matchUnit) { if (mActivityLifecycleCallback != null) { application.unregisterActivityLifecycleCallbacks(mActivityLifecycleCallback); mActivityLifecycleCallback = null; } for (int unit : matchUnit) { cancelMatch(application, unit); } } /** * 适配屏幕(放在 Activity 的 setContentView() 之前执行) * * @param context 上下文 * @param designSize 设计图的尺寸 */ public static void match(@NonNull final Context context, final float designSize) { match(context, designSize, MATCH_BASE_WIDTH, MATCH_UNIT_DP); } /** * 适配屏幕(放在 Activity 的 setContentView() 之前执行) * * @param context 上下文 * @param designSize 设计图的尺寸 * @param matchBase 适配基准 */ public static void match(@NonNull final Context context, final float designSize, int matchBase) { match(context, designSize, matchBase, MATCH_UNIT_DP); } /** * 适配屏幕(放在 Activity 的 setContentView() 之前执行) * * @param context 上下文 * @param designSize 设计图的尺寸 * @param matchBase 适配基准 * @param matchUnit 使用的适配单位 */ private static void match(@NonNull final Context context, final float designSize, int matchBase, int matchUnit) { if (designSize == 0) { throw new UnsupportedOperationException("The designSize cannot be equal to 0"); } if (matchUnit == MATCH_UNIT_DP) { matchByDP(context, designSize, matchBase); } else if (matchUnit == MATCH_UNIT_PT) { matchByPT(context, designSize, matchBase); } } /** * 重置适配信息,取消适配 */ public static void cancelMatch(@NonNull final Context context) { cancelMatch(context, MATCH_UNIT_DP); cancelMatch(context, MATCH_UNIT_PT); } /** * 重置适配信息,取消适配 * * @param context 上下文 * @param matchUnit 需要取消适配的单位 */ private static void cancelMatch(@NonNull final Context context, int matchUnit) { if (sMatchInfo != null) { final DisplayMetrics displayMetrics = context.getResources().getDisplayMetrics(); if (matchUnit == MATCH_UNIT_DP) { if (displayMetrics.density != sMatchInfo.getAppDensity()) { displayMetrics.density = sMatchInfo.getAppDensity(); } if (displayMetrics.densityDpi != sMatchInfo.getAppDensityDpi()) { displayMetrics.densityDpi = (int) sMatchInfo.getAppDensityDpi(); } if (displayMetrics.scaledDensity != sMatchInfo.getAppScaledDensity()) { displayMetrics.scaledDensity = sMatchInfo.getAppScaledDensity(); } } else if (matchUnit == MATCH_UNIT_PT) { if (displayMetrics.xdpi != sMatchInfo.getAppXdpi()) { displayMetrics.xdpi = sMatchInfo.getAppXdpi(); } } } } public static MatchInfo getMatchInfo() { return sMatchInfo; } /** * 使用 dp 作为适配单位(适合在新项目中使用,在老项目中使用会对原来既有的 dp 值产生影响) * <br> * <ul> * dp 与 px 之间的换算: * <li> px = density * dp </li> * <li> density = dpi / 160 </li> * <li> px = dp * (dpi / 160) </li> * </ul> * * @param context 上下文 * @param designSize 设计图的宽/高(单位: dp) * @param base 适配基准 */ private static void matchByDP(@NonNull final Context context, final float designSize, int base) { final float targetDensity; if (base == MATCH_BASE_WIDTH) { targetDensity = sMatchInfo.getScreenWidth() * 1f / designSize; } else if (base == MATCH_BASE_HEIGHT) { targetDensity = sMatchInfo.getScreenHeight() * 1f / designSize; } else { targetDensity = sMatchInfo.getScreenWidth() * 1f / designSize; } final int targetDensityDpi = (int) (targetDensity * 160); final float targetScaledDensity = targetDensity * (sMatchInfo.getAppScaledDensity() / sMatchInfo.getAppDensity()); final DisplayMetrics displayMetrics = context.getResources().getDisplayMetrics(); displayMetrics.density = targetDensity; displayMetrics.densityDpi = targetDensityDpi; displayMetrics.scaledDensity = targetScaledDensity; } /** * 使用 pt 作为适配单位(因为 pt 比较冷门,新老项目皆适合使用;也可作为 dp 适配的补充, * 在需要同时适配宽度和高度时,使用 pt 来适配 dp 未适配的宽度或高度) * <br/> * <p> pt 转 px 算法: pt * metrics.xdpi * (1.0f/72) </p> * * @param context 上下文 * @param designSize 设计图的宽/高(单位: pt) * @param base 适配基准 */ private static void matchByPT(@NonNull final Context context, final float designSize, int base) { final float targetXdpi; if (base == MATCH_BASE_WIDTH) { targetXdpi = sMatchInfo.getScreenWidth() * 72f / designSize; } else if (base == MATCH_BASE_HEIGHT) { targetXdpi = sMatchInfo.getScreenHeight() * 72f / designSize; } else { targetXdpi = sMatchInfo.getScreenWidth() * 72f / designSize; } final DisplayMetrics displayMetrics = context.getResources().getDisplayMetrics(); displayMetrics.xdpi = targetXdpi; } /** * 适配信息 */ private static class MatchInfo { private int screenWidth; private int screenHeight; private float appDensity; private float appDensityDpi; private float appScaledDensity; private float appXdpi; int getScreenWidth() { return screenWidth; } void setScreenWidth(int screenWidth) { this.screenWidth = screenWidth; } int getScreenHeight() { return screenHeight; } void setScreenHeight(int screenHeight) { this.screenHeight = screenHeight; } float getAppDensity() { return appDensity; } void setAppDensity(float appDensity) { this.appDensity = appDensity; } float getAppDensityDpi() { return appDensityDpi; } void setAppDensityDpi(float appDensityDpi) { this.appDensityDpi = appDensityDpi; } float getAppScaledDensity() { return appScaledDensity; } void setAppScaledDensity(float appScaledDensity) { this.appScaledDensity = appScaledDensity; } float getAppXdpi() { return appXdpi; } void setAppXdpi(float appXdpi) { this.appXdpi = appXdpi; } } }
6.2 鸿洋大AutoLayout框架
6.3 AndroidAutoSize
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由于我们国家国土辽阔,天南地北的。所以口味是各有差异的!出去聚餐时,有的小伙伴吃不了辣,有的小伙伴要很辣,有的要普通辣,那它们的英文表达应该怎么说呢?
“不要辣”英语怎么说
在国外的饮食文化中表达“辣”不仅能用spicy,其实也还可以用hot来表达的。现在我就解析一下spicy和hot的区别。
spicy和hot的区别:
hot:热的、辣的。
hot一般是指普通级别的辣,但老外更喜欢用它来表达热而并非是辣度。
spicy:辛辣的、香的。
spicy偏向表达辣的程度,而且它比hot的程度更深、就是辣度更强。并且老外spicy不仅仅用它表示味道辣,也会用它说气味的刺激、辛辣。
A: Could you eat spicy?
B: Yes, medium, please.
辣度词语拓展:
not spicy 不辣的
mild 温和的;轻微的
medium 中等辣的
hot 重辣的
super spicy 超级辣
“奶茶要几分甜”英语怎么说
除了辣椒,有程度其实甜也是有程度的。比如你喝奶茶的时候想要多多甜。你会怎么用英语说出来?
虽然sweet是"甜",但它是不能用在奶茶里的哟,想要表达甜的程度是要用sugar,然后冰的多少程度可以用ice的!
A:How sweet and ice would you like your bubble tea?
B:sugar-free and ice-free,please.
甜度和冰冰度的词语拓展:
regular sugar 全糖
half sugar 半糖
sugar-free 无糖
regular ice 正常冰
easy ice 少冰
ice-free 去冰
“牛排要几分熟”英语怎么说
在国外餐厅吃牛排时,老外服务员一定会问你How would you like your steak?"
他的意思是你下单的牛排要几分熟,不过你却不能说seven,因为老外不是这样表达牛排几分熟的。
正确表达牛排几分熟要这样说:
A: How would you like your steak?
B: medium-rare, please.
表达几分熟是有特定的词汇的,所以请不要说错了。这样老外才不会误会你的意思!
牛排几分熟的词语拓展:
全生 raw
一分熟 rare
三分熟 medium-rare
五分熟 medium
七分熟 medium-well
全熟 well-done
“打包”英语怎么说
必叔相信大家都会有过这种经历,点餐时每样都想吃然后全部都下单了。最后却吃不下把剩下的食物进行打包。
此时你就可以对服务员说:“wrap it up,please.“
A: Hello, could you help me wrap the rest of the food up,please
B: Ok,no problem!
外卖的词语拓展:
take away
to-go
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(先到先得,限量10份哟!!
01. might 熟义:或许
I sue all my might to open the door. n.力量,权威
302. mind v.当心,注意{熟义:介意;心(思)}
Mind your head!当心!不要碰着头了。
303. minute 熟义:n. 分钟
They held a minute inspection of the grounds. adj.微小的,详细的,仔细而准确的。
Please read through the minutes first. n.会议记录
304. mix 熟义:vt 混合
He mixes very little with his wife's friends. vt.交往,来往
305. monitor n. v.监控(器),(电脑)显示器(熟义:班长)
The Police had monitored all of his phone calls.警察暗中监听了他打的所有电话。
306. no more...than... 比……更不,非常不(勿望文生义)
He is no more fit to be a minister than a schoolboy would be.他根本不适合当部长,连小学生都不如。
307. move v.使感动;提议(熟义:移动)
Even Father was deeply moved.连父亲都感动了。
I move that we accept the proposal.我提议我们接受这个建议。
308.multiply 熟义:v . 乘;繁殖
We can multiply our chances of success. v. 成倍增加;迅速增加
309. narrowly adv.差点儿没;仔细地(勿望文生义)
One car went too fast and narrowly missed hitting the other one.一辆车开得太快险些撞到另一辆车
310.come near to 差一点就(勿望文生义)
She came near to killing him.她差点儿置他于死地。
311. nobody n.小人物(熟义:没有人)
“I want to be famous!I am tired of being a nobody,” he said.他说他讨厌做无名小卒。
312.look down one's nose at 看不起(勿望文生义)
The Turners always look down theirnoses at their neighbours.特纳家总看不起邻居。
313. note 熟义:n. 笔记
Learn the notes by heart. n. 台词
I noticed that her hands were dirty. v.注意到
314 novel. 熟义:小说
Job-sharing is still a novel concept and it will take a while for employers to get used to it. adj. 新颖的
315. object v.反对(熟义:宾语;物件)
They objected to leaving school and going to work.他们反对辍学去工作。
316. occur v. 被想到(熟义:发生)
It did not occur to me that you would object.我没想到你会反对。
317. be well/ badly off经济状况好/坏(勿望文生义)
He is well off, it appears, and willing to work for nothing.似乎他很富裕,愿意白干。
318. good offices 帮忙,斡旋(勿望文生义)
Through the good offices of a friend, I was able to get a ticket.在朋友的帮助下,我才弄到一票。
319. take office就职(勿望文生义)
She took office at a difficult time.她就职于困难时期。
320. be well on in/into很晚(勿望文生义)
Although it was well on in the evening,we decided to try our luck at fishing again.尽管很晚了,但我们仍决定撒一网碰一下运气。
321.at once同时;既,又(熟义:马上)
Don't all speak at once! One at a time.不要一起讲!一个一个地讲。
She is at once clever and modest.她既聪明又端庄。
322. open 熟义:v.开 adj. 开着;打开的
They left the matter open. adj.(问题,议事等)未解决的
323. operate vi.运转,起作用 vt.经营(熟义:动手术)
The medicine began to operate at once.药立刻开始见效。
324. order v.定购 n.顺序 (熟义:命令) [来源:学|科|网]
Have you ordered your meal?点菜了吗?
325. otherwise 熟义:adv. 否则;要不然
You know what it is about. Why do you pretend otherwise? adv.在其他方面
326. outgoing 熟义:adj. 爱交际的;友好的;外向的
The outgoing president Bush attended the opening ceremony of the Beijing Olympics. adj.将卸任的;将离职的
327. outspoken 熟义:adj. 直率的;坦诚的
She was very outspoken about her wish to be married. adj.直言不讳的
328. outstanding 熟义:adj.优秀的,杰出的
Some of the work is still outstanding. adj.(款项,工作,困难等)未支付的;未完成的;未决的
329. own 熟义:vt. 拥有
He owned the child as his daughter. vt 承认
330.pack v.包装;收拾行李;挤满(熟义:包)
You go and pack your things.你去收拾行李吧。
331. paragraph 熟义:n. 段落
There is a paragraph about the accident in the local newspaper. n.报纸上短篇报道
332.park v.停车;放置n.停车场(熟义:公园)
A car park is a place where you may park your car.停车场就是停车的地方。
333.part n.(熟义:零件;角色,部分)
I hope we'll never part.但愿我们永远不分离(v.分手/离;放弃;卖掉)
In order to raise money,he had to part with some of his most treasured possessions.为了筹款,他不得不卖掉一些最珍贵的财产。
334. party 熟义:n. 党派;聚会
The solution is acceptable to both parties. n.契约或争论的双方
335.playa...part in...起……作用(勿望文生义)
The women played an important part in the task.妇女在这次任务中起了重要作用。
336.take part in...参与;起……作用(勿望文生义)
I once took part with him in a debate.我曾经与他进行过辩论。
337.pass v.经过;通过;过去;度过n.传球;通行证;关口(熟义:递给)
You must pass your pass to him at the pass or you can't pass your summer holidays there.在关口你必须把通行证递给他,否则,你无法去那儿度暑假。
I have no idea what passed in my absence. vi.发生,产生
338.bring...to pass vt.使发生(come to pass vi.发生)(勿望文生义)
His wife's death brought a change to pass in his attitude toward religion.他妻子的死使他改变了对宗教的态度。
339.passage n. 通道;走廊;通过(熟义:文章)
The house has an underground passage.房子有地下通道。
340.patient adj.耐心的(熟义:n.病人)
Just be patient.I think you're next.耐心点!下个就是你了。
341.pay (熟义:付款)
He says farming doesn't pay.他说做农活划不来。(vi.合算)
342. peach 熟义:n. 桃子
He has peached me and all the others to save his life. vt.告发 vi. 告密
343.perform v.履行;执行(熟义:表演)
Perform your promise.请说话算数。
The doctor performed the operation.医生做了手术。
344.in person亲自(勿望文生义)
You can complain to the manager in per- son.你可以亲自去向经理投诉。
345.physical 身体的;物质的;自然的(熟义:物理的)
We should help the people with mental or physical disabilities.我们应该帮助那些心理或生理上有缺陷的人。
346.picture n.形象;样子;描绘;美如画v.描绘;想像(熟义:图片)
Can you form a picture in your mind of what I pictured to you?你能想像得出我所描述的东西吗?
347. pick up 熟义:拾起,捡起;偶然发现;弄到手;听到,得到(情报,知识);康复,增加(速度)
Train picked up the timber workers working in the forest farm every day. 用车接人
348.pilot adj.试验性的v.带领(熟义:飞行员)
If the pilot survey goes well,we'll go into full production.如果试产顺利,我们将面推广。
349.place n.职位;地位;(第……)名v.放置;安排职位(熟义:地方)
She found a place in a store.她在商店找到个工作。
350.take place vi. 发生(勿望文生义)
The wedding will take place next week.婚礼将在下周举行。
351.take the place of=take one's place接替(注意与上条的区别)
My brother is ill and I've come to take his place.我哥病了,我来接替他的工作。
352.in place 在本来的地方;适当(勿望文生义)
I hope you left all the books in the library in place.希望你把图书馆的书放在应放置。
353.in place of=instead of而不是(勿望文生义)
We use chopsticks in place of knives and forks.我们用筷子而不用刀叉。
354.in the place of=in one's place处于……的情况;代替
What would you do in my place?如果你处于我的情况,你怎么办?
355.plane n.水平;平面adj.平的(熟义:飞机)
This species has reached a higher plane of development.这一种属已达更高的阶段.
356. plant 熟义:n. 植物;工厂
My parents planted a garden at the foot of the hill. vt.种植,栽种某物
357. platform 熟义:n. 平台;讲台;站台
The platform of the new party attaches great importance to environmental protection. n. 纲领;宣言
358.please v.(使)高兴;愿意(熟义:请)
She does what she pleases.她想做啥就做啥。
359.with pleasure 可以(用于客气的答语中)(熟义:高兴地,高兴得)
“Could you put me up tonight?”“With pleasure.”今晚您能为我提供住宿吗?“没题。”
360.pocket vt.侵吞;赚得(熟义:n.衣袋v.把……放入衣袋)
It's simple---we buy them for $5,sell them for $8,and we pocket the difference.
很简单——我们5美元买进,8美元卖出,我们就赚得了3美元的差价。
361. policy 熟义:n. 政策
He took out a fire insurance policy for his house. n.保险单,保险凭证
362. polish 熟义:vt. 擦亮;磨光
His essay needs polishing. vt.润色
363. pool 熟义:n. 水池;水塘
If we pool the idea,we may find a better solution to the problem. v. 集中使用
364.practically adv.几乎,确实(熟义:实际上,从实际出发)
The hall was practically empty.大厅简直空空如也。
365.practice n.惯例,习俗(熟义:实践;练习)
According to the international practice,he shall be punished.根据国际惯例,他必须受罚。
366. position 熟义:n.位置;职位
What's your position on the problem. n.立场;观点
367. possess 熟义:vt. 拥有
A violent anger possessed him. vt.(感情,情绪等)支配;控制
368. pound 熟义:n. 磅;英镑
No one can stand continuous pounding on the head. n.猛击;连续重击
369.present vt.介绍;赠送(熟义:n.礼物adj.现在的;到场的)
On Teachers'Day,students usually present flowers to the teachers.教师节学生通常给老师献花。
370.press 熟义:v. 压
He pressed her guests to stay a little longer. vt.劝说
371.promise v.有希望;可能会有(熟义:答应)
The dark clouds promise rain.乌云密布,看来要下雨。
372.no problem愿意干;不用谢;没关系(熟义:没困难)
“Could you help me?”“No problem.”“帮我一下好吗?”“当然可以!”
373. previous 熟义:adj. 先前的,以往的
He died previous to my arrival. adj.时间上稍前的
374. produce 熟义:v. 生产
Please produce your ticket for inspection. v. 拿出;出示
375. promise 熟义:v/n 许诺
The dark clouds promise rain. v.有...的希望;使...有可能
376. pronounced 熟义:v.发音
The judge pronounced against her appeal. v.判决;宣布;宣称
377.put away存储;打消;吃掉(熟义:收起来放好)
He puts a little away every week for his grandson.他每周都为孙子存一点钱。
378.put down写下;镇压;让……下车(熟义:放下)
The bus stopped to put down the passengers.公共汽车停下来,让乘客下车。
379.(熟义:张贴,举起,修建)
Could you put me up for the night? put up(留……)住宿
380.out of the question不可能;不允许(勿望文生义)
Without a passport,leaving the country is out of the question.无护照要出国是不可能的。
381. race 熟义:vt. 和...比赛 n. 赛跑
Race to see what is happening. v.快速移动;快速运转
382.raise 饲养;种植;引起;招募(熟义:举起,提高)
The farmer raises cows and corn.这个农民又种玉米又养牛。
383. rate 熟义:n. 比率;速度
These potatoes rate among the best. v.对...做出评价;被评价为;被认为
384.rather than而不是,宁愿……也不愿……
Rather than cause trouble,he left.他宁愿离去,也不愿自找麻烦。
385.or rather更确切地(勿望文生义)
He worked till late last night,or rather, early this morning.他一直工作到深夜,或者更确切地说,工作到今天凌晨。
386. raw 熟义:adj 材料未加工的
These fish are often eaten raw. adj.(食物等)生的,未煮的
387.reach v.伸出(手、脚等);与……取得联系(熟义:到达)
I couldn't reach him by phone this morning.早晨我给他打电话打不通。
388. read 熟义:v. 阅读
I didn't read mother's thoughts at that time. v.理解;领会
389.realize实现;换成现款(熟义:认识到)
He realized the house.他卖了房子得到了现钱。
390. receipt 熟义:n. 收据,收条
I will pay the money on receipt of the goods. n.接收,收到
391. recover 熟义:v. 恢复健康,痊愈
He almost fell, but succeeded in recovering himself. v.恢复;重新控制
392.refer to查阅;归功于(熟义:指的是;提到)
The speaker often refers to his notes.发言的人经常看讲稿。
393. reflect 熟义:vt. 映出;反射;表现
I need time to reflect on your offer. v.沉思,思考 (与on/upon 连用)
394. refresh 熟义:vt 使恢复精力
Her words refreshed my memory. vt.提醒,提示,使想起
395.refreshments茶点/饮料(熟义:使感到清新的东西)
The hostess served refreshments after the tennis match.网球比赛后,女主人端来了茶点。
396. relate 熟义:v. 与...有关;相关
I related my adventure to my family. v. 讲述
397. religion 熟义:n. 宗教
Tennis is a religion with John. n.特别的兴趣
398.remain v.(继续)保持;(继续)存在(熟义:剩下)
The door remains closed.门还是关着的。
399.remember(熟义:记得)
Please remember the waiter.(v.记得给小费)记住给服务员小费。
400. remote 熟义:adj. 偏远的,偏僻的
He is a remote relative of mine. adj.关系较远的,远亲的
401. repair 熟义:v/n 修理
How can I repair the damage I have caused? v.补救,弥补
402. rest 熟义:v/n 休息
She rested her head on his shoulder. v. 把...靠在...上
Its success rested on the labour of half a million slaves. v. 依靠,依赖
403. respect 熟义:v/n 尊敬;敬意
He has no respect for the feelings of others. n. 重视;尊重;维护
404.result in引起(注:result from因……而产生)
The accident resulted in three deaths.这起事故导致了三人死亡。
405.return n来回车票(熟义:回来;归还)
Do you want a single or a return?你只买去的车票还是来回车票都买?
406. review 熟义:vt 复习
She reviewed what had happened. vt.回顾
407. round 熟义:prep/adv 环绕,围着;圆形的
We are losing the game in the last round due to our complacency. n. 回合,局;轮,场
408.run v.竞选;运转;管理;用车送;褪色(熟义:跑)
Teach me how to run the business.教我怎样做买卖吧。
A bright idea ran through my mind. v. 快速移动
409.run out(of...)用完(熟义:从……跑出去)
410. safe 熟义:adj. 安全的
He is a safe man. You can count on him. adj. 谨慎的,不冒险的
411.the salt of the earth非常正派、诚实的人(勿望文生义)
Your grandmother is the salt of the earth.你祖母是个很诚实的人。
412.at the same time尽管如此;但是(熟义:同时)
It cost a lot of money.At the same time,I think we shall need it and it will certainly be useful.它很贵,但是,我认为我们需要它,它肯定有用。
413.satisfy (熟义:使满意)
The cold water satisfied our thirst.我们喝了凉水就不口渴了。
He satisfied me that he could do the work well.他使我相信他能把这工作做好。
She satisfied her hunger with an apple. v.满足要求或需要
414.save v.节省;储蓄;留给(某人);除了(熟义:挽救)
They are saving for a house.他们在存钱买房子。
Will you save me a seat on the bus?在公共汽车上给我留个座,好吗?
415.You said it!我同意你的意见(勿望文生义)
—Let's go home.咱们回家吧!
—You said it.I'm too tired now.好吧。我也太累了。
416. say 熟义:vt 说
Say that war breaks out, what will you do? vt.假定
Her passport says he is nineteen. vt.(书面材料或可见的东西)提供信息,指示
417.scene 吵架(熟义:风景,场景)
If you don't sit down and stop making a scene,I'm leaving.如果你不坐下来,还要吵的话,我就走了。
418. scholarship 熟义:n. 奖学金
A writer with great scholarship can achieve great success. n.学问,学识;学术成就
419.screen n.纱窗;筛子vt.保护(熟义:屏幕)
The curtain screened out sunlight.帘子遮挡阳光。
420. second 熟义:第二
Mrs. Smith proposed the vote of thanks, and Mr. Jones seconded. v. 随声附和
He raised a proposal that is seconded by few. v.赞成
421.see vt.(在某段时期)发生/经历/经受(熟义:看见)
The next years saw a series of bad harvests.以后几年,收成都不好。
This century has seen too many wars. vt.经历;有...的经验;体验
422.see out(耐着性子)进行到底(熟义:送某人出门)
I don't like the course but I'll see it out.我不喜欢这门课程,但是我还是耐着性子把它学完了。
423.see to处理;负责(做);照顾(勿望文生义)
I'll have to see to the window—the wood is rotten.我得弄一下这窗户———这木头都烂了。
424.seeing conj.既然;考虑到(勿望文生义)
We could have a joint party ,seeing(that)your birthday is the same day as mine.既然你我两人一天生,那么我们就联合起来开个晚会吧。
425. seize 熟义:vt. 抓住;强夺
I couldn't seize the meaning of his remarks. vt.掌握,把握
426.set (熟义:adj.确定的;v.放置;确定;n.一套)
Are you all set for the journey?adj.准备好;可能 (你们都为这次旅行准备好了吗?)
She is having her hair set for the party. v.做头发
427.shall aux.v.(在官方文件中用)表示“规定”(熟义:将)
All payments shall be made by the end of the year.所有帐目务必在年底付清。
428. sharp 熟义:adj. 锋利的,锐利的
I felt a sharp pain in my stomach. adj.剧烈的,猛烈的
429. shoot 熟义:v. 射中,射击
The trees give out new shoots in spring. n.嫩芽,新枝
430.shoot up 迅速增长(勿望文生义)
Your son's really shot up since we last saw him.从我们上次见到他之后,你儿子像射箭一般地长高了许多。
431.a big shot 重要人物(勿望文生义)
His father is a big shot in the steel industry.是钢铁工业部门重要人物。
432. shoulder 熟义:n. 肩膀
Young people should learn to shoulder the duty/blame. vt.承担
433. simply 熟义:adv. 仅仅;只不过
It is simply wonderful to see you! adv.(强调某说法)确实,简直
434. sink 熟义:v. 下沉;沉没
Price are sinking slowly. v.下降,降低
435.somebody pron.有一定地位的人物(熟义:某人)
He is somebody in his town but he is nobody here.在他所在的镇他是个赫赫有名的人物,但在这儿就算不了什么人物了。
436. somehow adv.也不知道是什么原由;不知道怎么搞的(熟义:以某种方式)
Somehow he is afraid of her.不知道是怎么的,他害怕她。
437.something of 可以说是一个(勿望文生义)
He is something of a liar.他不太老实。
438.the life and soul关键人物;中心人物(勿望文生义)
He's such a good joke teller;he is the life and soul of any party.他很会讲笑话,他在任何晚会上都是中心人物。
439. soul 熟义:n. 灵魂
Hardly a soul is seen in the village. n. 人
440.sound adj.(熟义:n.声音;v.听起来)
The bodywork's sound but the engine needs repairing.(机器、身体等)没有毛病的
It is important to have a sound body. adj. 健康的
My wife is a sound sleeper. adj. 酣睡的
441.Spare (熟义:抽出;匀出)
He spared the prisoner.v.饶恕;放过
442.Spring (熟义:春天;泉水;弹簧)
Fast food restaurants are springing up all over the town. v.猛然跳起;涌出 快餐店如雨后春笋般地在全镇不断地涌现出来。
443. stamp 熟义:n. 邮票
He stamped his feet in anger v.跺脚,顿足
444.stand v.忍受;仍然有效;保持原状n.摊位,地摊(熟义:站立)
I can't stand waiting any longer.再等下去我可受不了啦!
The order still stands.命令仍然有效。
As things now stand,we shall win.像这样下去,我们就能赢。
445.stand for 容忍(常用于否定句)(熟义:代表)
The teacher would not stand for such behavior.不能容忍这样的行为。
446.stand up 对……失约(熟义:站起来)
Jane cried when Bill stood her up on their first date.他们第一次约会,比尔就失约,这使得珍妮哭了一场。
447. start 熟义:v. 开始;发动;开创
He started up from his seat. v. 猛然跳起来;突然移动
448.state v.陈述;说明(熟义:州;状态)
They gave him five minutes to state his views.他们给了他五分钟,陈述他的观点。
449.station vt.驻扎(熟义:站,台,所,局)
A PLA unit is now stationed at Hong Kong.人民解放军某部现在驻扎在香港。
450. steal 熟义:v. 偷
He stole a glance of her in the mirror. v.快速或偷偷地取得
451. strength 熟义:n. 力气
Maths is not my strength. 强项
452.strike v.认为;想到;发现(熟义:打击;袭击;罢工)
It struck me that he was not telling the truth.我认为他没有讲真话。
An idea suddenly struck me.我突然想到了个主意。
453.study n.书房(熟义:学习;研究)
He has a beautiful small old wooden study.他的书房小巧玲珑,古色古香,纯木结构。
454.subject adj.(熟义:主题;科目)
The subjects of this experiment were all men aged 18-25.n.(实验中)被试者 这次实验的被试者全是 18-25岁的男性。
These areas are subject to strong winds.可能被……影响 这些地区常受到狂风袭击。
The child is subject to cold. adj.易遭受...的
455. succeed vt.(熟义:成功)
Gingrich will succeed Foley as speaker of the House.金瑞琪将接替夫理当众议院议长
He will succeed Foley as speaker of the House. 继承;接着……当……
Jim has just succeeded a large fortune from his uncle. v. 继承
456. surprise 熟义:v/n 使惊讶,惊奇
Our troops surprised the enemy in the midnight. v.出其不意地袭击或出现
457.suppose =supposing conj.倘若(熟义:猜想;料想)
Suppose it rains,what shall we do?假如下雨,我们怎么办?
458. sympathy 熟义: n. 同情
Annie's sympathies lie firmly with the workers. n.赞同,支持
459. swear to 熟义:v. 宣誓
I would swear to having met him somewhere. =I would swear to it that I had met him somewhere. v. 断言;肯定;保证
T
460.take up 开始学习(某课程);从事(某活动)(熟义:占(时间/空间)
He dropped medicine and took up physics.他弃医从理。
461. team 熟义:n. 队,组
Would you like to team up with us? v.(与某人)一起工作,合作
262.tell v.(熟义:告诉;讲述)
Good teaching will always tell.起作用;产生效果;
He couldn't tell which house it was. vt.判断/区分
She cracked a smile that told her joy. v.显示,显露
463. through 熟义:adj. 彻底的,完全的
She is a very thorough worker. adj.做事深入细致的
464. ticket 熟义:n. 票
The new driver got a ticket for speeding. n.罚单,罚款单
465. tie 熟义:vt. 栓,系
They tied with the visiting team in the game. vi. 打成平手
466.in time 经过一段时间之后;最后(熟义:及时)
Don't worry—I'm sure things will get better in time.不要着急——隔一段时间之后一切都会好的。
467.tip n.点子;主意;劝告;情报(熟义:小费;尖端;梢)
Here is a useful tip on how to deal with online friends.下面给你介绍一条有用的建议,怎样处理网友的问题。
468. touch 熟义:n/v. 接触
I feel a touch of tenderness from mom's words. n. 少许,微量
Vegetables were touched by the frost(霜冻). vt. 害到,伤害
469 . treat 熟义:vt. 对待;处理;治疗
Her son's visit are a great treat for her. n.(难得的)乐事
It's my treat this time. n.请客,款待
470. turn to 找(某人寻求帮助等);求助于(熟义:翻到;转到;变成)
They always turned to me when they were in trouble.当他们遇到麻烦的时候,他们总是来找我。
471.in turn 又反过来(熟义:依次;轮流)
Theory is based on practice and in turn serves practice.理论的基础是实践,又反过来为实践服务。
472. twist 熟义:v. 使弯曲变形
The river twisted toward the sea. v. (道路,河流等)曲折,蜿蜒
473. ravel 熟义:v/n. 旅行
The news traveled fast. v. 以某速度传播
474. understand 熟义:vt. 理解
I understand that you are planning to go to Africa. vt. 知悉,了解,据闻
475. uniform 熟义:n. 制服
The boxes are uniform in weight. adj.相同的,一致的
476. undertake 熟义:v. 承担;采取;从事
I can't undertake that you will make a profit. v.承诺;允诺;答应
477.under way 在进行(勿望文生义)
Plans to save the boy are under way.挽救那个男孩的计划正在进行中。
478. vain 熟义:adj. 徒劳的,没结果的
She is vain of her beauty. adj. 虚荣的;自视过高的
479. vehicle 熟义:n. 交通工具
We must find out the vehicle of the disease at first. n.媒介;载体
480. vote (熟义:投票)
I vote(that)we go home.v.建议(口语)
481. walk 熟义:v/n 行走,步行
This society welcomes people from all walks of life. n.行业
482. wander 熟义:v. 漫游,游荡,漫步
Don't wander from the point. v.离开原处或正道
Her thoughts wandered back to her youth. v.走神;神志恍惚;思想开小差
483.give way 崩溃;让步(勿望文生义)
The thin ice gave way under the skater.薄冰在滑冰者的脚下崩裂了。
484.wear (熟义:穿,戴)
His clothes began to wear.v.磨坏
You'll find this material won't wear.v. 经磨;耐用
485. wear 熟义: vt. 穿戴
The girl always wears a happy smile. vt. 表露
The old man wears a heavy beard. v. 留;蓄
486. weigh 熟义:v. 称...的重量;重达
Please the advantages and disadvantages of doing this. v.权衡;斟酌
487.weight 熟义:n. 重量
How much weight will be attached to his decision? n.分量;重要性
488.well off 有钱;富裕(勿望文生义)
His parents are quite well off;they have just bought him a new car for his birthday.他父母很有钱,他们刚给他买了一辆新车作为他的生日礼物。
489.while conj.只要;既然;虽然 n.一段时间(熟义:当…时候;而)
While there is life ,there is hope.留得青山在,不怕没柴烧。
While she is a likeable girl ,she can be difficult to work with.尽管这姑娘很可爱,但在一起工作却很难配合。
490.will 毅力;遗嘱(熟义:将)
His iron will forced us not to give up.n.意志;意志力
What did it say in the will. n.遗嘱
491. with 熟义: prep. 与..., 以...
With more money I would be able to buy it. prep. 若是
492..work 熟义:n.工作,(书/画/音乐)作品
Yes,I think your plan will work .v.起作用
The young man worked a large farm.vt. 管理
493. workshop 熟义:n. 车间;工场
I attended a educational workshop not long ago. n.讲习班,研讨班
494..work out 得到圆满解决;进行情况(好/……);理解(熟义:算出;制定出)
Things will work out if you have patient.如果你有耐心,事情会得到圆满解决的。
I can't work out the meaning of this poem.我不能理解这首诗的含义。
495. whip 熟义:n. 鞭子 v 抽打,拍打
She whipped it into her pocket. v.突然拿、取、移动(她迅速地把它塞进衣袋
496. wicked 熟义:adj. 邪恶的,恶劣的,缺德的
Dave used to be a wicked child when he was young. adj.淘气的,顽皮的
497. wit 熟义:n. 智力,才智
His remarks if filled with wits. n.风趣,妙语
498. wrap 熟义:n. vt 包,裹
Mind you wrap up well if you go out. n.围巾,披肩 (你出外的话要围好围巾 )
499. yield 熟义:n. 产量,收益 v. 生产,出产
I would rather die than yield. vi. 让步,屈服,投降
500. yard 熟义:n. 院子,庭院;场院
Can you still buy cloth by the yard in Britain? n. 码(1码 = 3英尺 = 36英寸 ≈ 0.914米)
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